Research|Visuals — Photographs & Portraits (Wikimedia Commons)

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Visuals — Photographs & Portraits (Wikimedia Commons)

Last modified 10 August 2026 · view source

Resurrection dive — writing period & excommunication (~1895–1901)

Source lane: photographs, painted portraits, and drawings from Wikimedia Commons. Pasternak Resurrection book illustrations are in a separate lane (_visuals_pasternak.md). All images public domain (>100 years). Downloaded to: visuals/ with prefix commons-photo- / commons-painting- / commons-drawing-.

Tolstoy — writing period portraits (1898–1901)

id: tolstoy-scherer-nabholz-1901 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Leo_Tolstoy_by_Scherer_&Nabholz,_1901.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leo_Tolstoy_by_Scherer%26_Nabholz,_1901.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-scherer-nabholz-1901.jpg note: Cabinet portrait, three-quarter length seated, hands on table. Taken 1901 by the Moscow studio Scherer & Nabholz — the canonical writing-period studio portrait, same year as the excommunication.

id: tolstoy-reformers-yearbook-1901 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Leo_Tolstoy_(The_Reformers’Year_Book,_1901).png access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leo_Tolstoy(The_Reformers%27_Year_Book,_1901).png localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-reformers-yearbook-1901.png note: Portrait reproduced in The Reformers’ Year Book, 1901. Dated no later than 1901; excommunication period.

id: tolstoy-gorky-yasnaya-polyana-1900 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy and Maxim Gorky at Yasnaya Polyana relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Gorky; Yasnaya Polyana holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:1900_yasnaya_polyana-gorky_and_tolstoy.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1900_yasnaya_polyana-gorky_and_tolstoy.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-gorky-yasnaya-polyana-1900.jpg note: Photographed by Sofia Andreevna Tolstaya, 1900. Yasnaya Polyana. Gorky visited while Resurrection was being serialised. Writing period.

id: tolstoy-kazakov-odessa-1900 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Leo_Tolstoy_by_I.S.Kazakov_(1900,Odessa).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leo_Tolstoy_by_I.S.Kazakov(1900,_Odessa).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-kazakov-odessa-1900.jpg note: Portrait by Ivan Kazakov, Odessa, 1900. Writing/publication period; Tolstoy visited Odessa during the Doukhobor emigration fundraising.

id: tolstoy-bain-news-1900 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons / Library of Congress archiveId: File:Tolstoy_LCCN2014689004.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolstoy_LCCN2014689004.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-bain-news-1900.jpg note: Glass negative photograph, Bain News Service, dated c. 1900. Library of Congress collection.

id: tolstoy-lccn-cabinet-card type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy, half-length, facing right relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons / Library of Congress archiveId: File:Count_Leo_Tolstoy,_half-length_portrait,_facing_right_LCCN99615676.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Count_Leo_Tolstoy%2C_half-length_portrait%2C_facing_right_LCCN99615676.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-lccn-cabinet-card.jpg note: Cabinet card portrait, half-length, facing right. Library of Congress. Period approximate to writing years.

id: tolstoy-early-1900s type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Tolstoy_Leo_port.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolstoy_Leo_port.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-early-1900s.jpg note: Portrait, early 20th century (“declining years”). Unknown photographer. Approximate to the Resurrection/excommunication period.

id: tolstoy-chertkov-photo-1908 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Chertkov holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Tolstoy_portrait_tolstoy.ru.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolstoy_portrait_tolstoy.ru.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-chertkov-1908.jpg note: Photograph by Чертков (Chertkov), July 1908. Later than writing period but by the same photographer who documented the Resurrection years.

id: tolstoy-1906-swedish type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Leo_Tolstoi_1906.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leo_Tolstoi_1906.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoi-1906.jpg note: Swedish publication portrait of Tolstoy, 1906. Post-excommunication period.

id: tolstoy-sofia-bicycle-1895 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy with bicycle and Sofia Tolstaya relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Sofia Tolstaya holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:L.Tolstoy_and_S.Tolstaya,_1895.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:L.Tolstoy_and_S.Tolstaya%2C_1895.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-sofia-bicycle-1895.jpg note: Photograph by Sofia Andreevna Tolstaya, 1895. Directly precedes the Resurrection writing period; establishes the domestic context at Yasnaya Polyana.

id: tolstoy-family-c1900 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy family group relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Tolstoy family holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Leo_Tolstoy_family.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leo_Tolstoy_family.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-family-c1900.jpg note: Family group photograph, c. 1900. Members include Sergei, Andrei, Tatiana, Lev Jr., Sofia, Mikhail, Maria, Ilya, Alexandra. Writing period context.

id: tolstoy-makovitsky-c1900 type: photograph subject: Leo Tolstoy and Dushan Makovitsky relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Makovitsky holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Leo_Tolstoy_and_Dushan_Makovitsky.JPG access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leo_Tolstoy_and_Dushan_Makovitsky.JPG localPath: visuals/commons-photo-tolstoy-makovitsky-c1900.jpg note: Photograph by Vladimir Chertkov, c. 1900. Makovitsky was Tolstoy’s personal physician and close associate during the Resurrection years.

id: chekhov-gorky-tolstoy type: photograph subject: Chekhov, Gorky, and Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Chekhov; Gorky holding: Wikimedia Commons / Glavarkhiv Moskvy archiveId: File:Chekhov,_Gorky_and_Tolstoy.jpg access: open rights: CC BY 4.0 licence: CC BY 4.0 usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chekhov,_Gorky_and_Tolstoy.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-chekhov-gorky-tolstoy.jpg note: Photograph of Gorky with Tolstoy and Chekhov, 1900s. Chekhov and Gorky were both visitors at Yasnaya Polyana during the Resurrection period. Note: CC BY 4.0 (not PD) — attribution required.

Tolstoy — painted portraits (writing & excommunication period)

id: repin-tolstoy-barefoot-1901 type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy barefoot relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons / State Russian Museum archiveId: File:Tolstoy_by_Repin_1901.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolstoy_by_Repin_1901.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-repin-tolstoy-barefoot-1901.jpg note: Ilya Repin, 1901. Oil on canvas, 207×73 cm. State Russian Museum. Painted the same year as the excommunication — the iconic barefoot Tolstoy image. Full-length, standing figure.

id: repin-tolstoy-barefoot-google type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy barefoot (Google Art Project scan) relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons / Google Art Project / State Russian Museum archiveId: File:Ilya_Repin_-Leo_Tolstoy_Barefoot-Google_Art_Project.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ilya_Repin-Leo_Tolstoy_Barefoot-_Google_Art_Project.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-repin-tolstoy-barefoot-google.jpg note: High-resolution Google Art Project scan of same Repin 1901 painting. Preferred for detail work.

id: repin-tolstoy-1901-cropped type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy barefoot (cropped) relatedEntity: Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Tolstoy_by_Repin_1901_cropped.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolstoy_by_Repin_1901_cropped.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-repin-tolstoy-1901-cropped.jpg note: Cropped detail of Repin 1901. Shows face/upper body. Excommunication year.

id: repin-tolstoy-ploughing-1887 type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy ploughing relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Yasnaya Polyana holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Tolstoy_ploughing.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolstoy_ploughing.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-repin-tolstoy-ploughing-1887.jpg note: Ilya Repin, 1887. Tolstoy working in the fields at Yasnaya Polyana — the physical-labour asceticism that defines the Resurrection-era Tolstoy persona. Pre-writing period but directly relevant to his self-presentation.

id: repin-tolstoy-sofia-1907 type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy and Sofia Tolstaya relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Sofia Tolstaya holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:1907Портрет_Л.Н.Толстого_с_женой_С.А.Толстой.JPG access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1907%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9B.%D0%9D.%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A1.%D0%90.%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9.JPG localPath: visuals/commons-painting-repin-tolstoy-sofia-1907.jpg note: Ilya Repin, 1907–1911. Portrait of Tolstoy with his wife Sofia. The marriage tension that underlies Resurrection’s moral frame. Post-excommunication but same domestic context.

Pasternak — portraits of Tolstoy (not Resurrection illustrations)

id: pasternak-tolstoy-lamp-1902 type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy reading under lamp relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Pasternak holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Pasternak_podlampoj.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pasternak_podlampoj.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pasternak-tolstoy-lamp-1902.jpg note: Leonid Pasternak, 1902. Tolstoy reading under a lamp — intimate writing-context scene, directly post-Resurrection. The “Tolstoy at his desk” archetype.

id: pasternak-tolstoy-portrait type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy portrait relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Pasternak holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Pasternak_leo_tolstoy.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pasternak_leo_tolstoy.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pasternak-tolstoy-portrait.jpg note: Leonid Pasternak. Portrait of Tolstoy. Date uncertain; Pasternak’s long collaboration with Tolstoy began with the Resurrection illustrations and continued into the 1900s.

id: pasternak-tolstoy-profile type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy profile portrait relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Pasternak holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Profile_portrait_of_Leo_Tolstoy_by_L._Pasternak.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Profile_portrait_of_Leo_Tolstoy_by_L._Pasternak.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pasternak-tolstoy-profile.jpg note: Leonid Pasternak. Profile portrait of Tolstoy. Pasternak was the primary visual artist of the Resurrection serialisation; this is a standalone portrait, not an illustration.

id: pasternak-tolstoy-1908 type: painting subject: Leo Tolstoy relatedEntity: Tolstoy; Pasternak holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Pasternak_Tolstoy_1908.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pasternak_Tolstoy_1908.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pasternak-tolstoy-1908.jpg note: Leonid Pasternak, 1908. Portrait of Tolstoy. Post-excommunication but by the Resurrection illustrator; shows the older Tolstoy of the post-novel decade.

V. G. Chertkov — publisher of the abroad edition

id: chertkov-portrait-1883 type: photograph subject: Vladimir Grigoryevich Chertkov relatedEntity: Chertkov holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Vladimir_Chertkov.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vladimir_Chertkov.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-chertkov-portrait-1883.jpg note: Portrait of Chertkov, photographed by А.Ф. Эйхенвальд, 1883. Chertkov was exiled from Russia in 1897 and ran the Free Age Press abroad publication of Resurrection from England. This portrait predates the exile.

id: chertkov-kramskoy-1881 type: painting subject: Vladimir Chertkov relatedEntity: Chertkov holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Chertkov_by_Kramskoy.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chertkov_by_Kramskoy.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-chertkov-kramskoy-1881.jpg note: Portrait of Chertkov by Ivan Kramskoi, 1881. Painted before Chertkov’s meeting with Tolstoy; the young Chertkov who would become Tolstoy’s chief disciple and publisher.

id: chertkov-with-tolstoy type: photograph subject: Chertkov with Tolstoy relatedEntity: Chertkov; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Chertkov_with_tolstoy.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chertkov_with_tolstoy.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-chertkov-with-tolstoy.jpg note: Chertkov and Tolstoy together. Date uncertain. The pair at the centre of the Resurrection publication story — Tolstoy wrote; Chertkov coordinated the abroad edition to fund Doukhobor emigration.

id: chertkov-tolstoy-1909 type: photograph subject: L. N. Tolstoy and V. G. Chertkov at Yasnaya Polyana relatedEntity: Chertkov; Tolstoy; Yasnaya Polyana holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Chertkov&Tolstoy.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chertkov%26Tolstoy.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-chertkov-tolstoy-1909.jpg note: Photograph by V. G. Chertkov, 29 March 1909. Yasnaya Polyana. Taken after Chertkov returned from exile; documents the working relationship a decade after Resurrection.

A. F. Koni — source of the Resurrection plot

id: koni-repin-1898 type: painting subject: Anatoly Fyodorovich Koni relatedEntity: Koni holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Koni_by_Repin.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Koni_by_Repin.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-koni-repin-1898.jpg note: Portrait of Koni by Ilya Repin, 1898. Painted exactly during the Resurrection writing period. Koni told Tolstoy the story of Rosalie Oni (the Katyusha Maslova source) in 1887; Tolstoy used it for Resurrection. Most directly dated portrait.

id: koni-portrait-19c type: photograph subject: Anatoly Fyodorovich Koni relatedEntity: Koni holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Кони_А.Ф..jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%90._%D0%A4..jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-koni-portrait-19c.jpg note: Photograph, late 19th century. Russian jurist and public figure; member of State Council. The plot-source of Resurrection.

id: koni-and-tolstoy type: photograph subject: Koni and Tolstoy together relatedEntity: Koni; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Koni_A._F._and_Tolstoy_L._N..jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Koni_A._F._and_Tolstoy_L._N..jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-koni-and-tolstoy.jpg note: Photograph by Sofia Andreevna Tolstaya. Koni and Tolstoy together — the two men whose conversation generated the Resurrection plot.

id: koni-1915 type: photograph subject: Anatoly Fyodorovich Koni relatedEntity: Koni holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Koni_Anatoly_Fedorovich,_1915.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Koni_Anatoly_Fedorovich%2C_1915.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-koni-1915.jpg note: Portrait by М.Л. Левенсон, 1915. Later than the Resurrection period but the clearest portrait photograph.

id: repin-koni-literary-1889 type: drawing subject: Koni at Russian Literary Society, with Fofanov and Polonsky relatedEntity: Koni holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:1889Врус.лит.общ.Фоф.Полонск.Кони.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1889%D0%92%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81.%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82.%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89.%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%84.%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA.%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-drawing-repin-koni-literary-1889.jpg note: Drawing by Repin, 1889. Russian Literary Society: Fofanov, Polonsky, Koni. Two years after Koni told Tolstoy the Maslova story; shows Koni in his literary-legal milieu.

K. P. Pobedonostsev — model for Toporov / the Synod

id: pobedonostsev-makovsky-1899 type: painting subject: Konstantin Pobedonostsev relatedEntity: Pobedonostsev; Toporov (fictional) holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Alexander_Makovsky_Pobedonostsev.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alexander_Makovsky_Pobedonostsev.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pobedonostsev-makovsky-1899.jpg note: Aleksandr Makovsky, 1899. “Portrait of Chief Procurator of the Synod Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev.” Painted the year Resurrection was completed. Pobedonostsev was the model for the Toporov character; he was also instrumental in the 1901 excommunication.

id: pobedonostsev-repin-1903 type: painting subject: Konstantin Pobedonostsev relatedEntity: Pobedonostsev holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Pobedonostsev_by_repin.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pobedonostsev_by_repin.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pobedonostsev-repin-1903.jpg note: Ilya Repin, 1903. Study for Formal Session of the State Council. Post-excommunication; shows the man who signed off on the anathema.

id: pobedonostsev-serov-1902 type: painting subject: Konstantin Pobedonostsev relatedEntity: Pobedonostsev holding: Wikimedia Commons / Russian Museum archiveId: File:Portrait_of_K._Pobedonostsev.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_K._Pobedonostsev.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-pobedonostsev-serov-1902.jpg note: Valentin Serov, 1902. Charcoal and colour pencils on paper. Russian Museum. Painted the year after the excommunication — shows the ageing Ober-Procurator at the height of his power.

P. I. Biryukov — Tolstoy’s biographer and inner-circle figure

id: biryukov-portrait type: photograph subject: Pavel Ivanovich Biryukov relatedEntity: Biryukov holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Pavel_Biryukov.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pavel_Biryukov.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-portrait.jpg note: Portrait of Pavel Ivanovich Biryukov (1860–1931), Tolstoy’s biographer and close collaborator. Was exiled in 1897 (same as Chertkov) partly for Doukhobor support work that Resurrection helped fund.

id: biryukov-portrait-1916 type: photograph subject: Pavel Ivanovich Biryukov relatedEntity: Biryukov holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Бірюков_Павло_Іванович.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-portrait-1916.jpg note: Portrait of Biryukov, 1916. Writer and Tolstoy biographer. His four-volume biography is the primary biographical source for the Resurrection period.

id: biryukov-bio3-p69 type: photograph subject: Photo from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 69 relatedEntity: Biryukov; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Biriukov_-Léon_Tolstoï,_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_69_crop).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biriukov_-L%C3%A9on_Tolsto%C3%AF%2C_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_69_crop).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-bio3-p69.jpg note: Crop from Biryukov’s Léon Tolstoï, vie et oeuvre, Vol. 3 (2nd ed., 1906), p. 69. Biryukov’s biography covers the Resurrection writing period in detail; these crops are period photographs reproduced therein.

id: biryukov-bio3-p107 type: photograph subject: Photo from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 107 relatedEntity: Biryukov; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Biriukov_-Léon_Tolstoï,_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_107_crop).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biriukov_-L%C3%A9on_Tolsto%C3%AF%2C_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_107_crop).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-bio3-p107.jpg note: Crop from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 107. Period photograph reproduced in Biryukov’s 1906 biography.

id: biryukov-bio3-p247 type: photograph subject: Photo from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 247 relatedEntity: Biryukov; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Biriukov_-Léon_Tolstoï,_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_247_crop).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biriukov_-L%C3%A9on_Tolsto%C3%AF%2C_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_247_crop).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-bio3-p247.jpg note: Crop from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 247.

id: biryukov-bio3-p307 type: photograph subject: Photo from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 307 relatedEntity: Biryukov; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Biriukov_-Léon_Tolstoï,_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_307_crop).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biriukov_-L%C3%A9on_Tolsto%C3%AF%2C_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_307_crop).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-bio3-p307.jpg note: Crop from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 307.

id: biryukov-bio3-p409 type: photograph subject: Photo from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 409 relatedEntity: Biryukov; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Biriukov_-Léon_Tolstoï,_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_409_crop).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biriukov_-L%C3%A9on_Tolsto%C3%AF%2C_vie_et_oeuvre_3(page_409_crop).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-biryukov-bio3-p409.jpg note: Crop from Biryukov biography vol. 3, p. 409.

Sofia Andreevna Tolstaya — wife, copyist, photographer

id: sofia-tolstaya-paints-c1900 type: photograph subject: Sofia Tolstaya painting relatedEntity: Sofia Tolstaya; Tolstoy holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Sofia_Tolstaya_paints.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sofia_Tolstaya_paints.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-sofia-tolstaya-paints-c1900.jpg note: Photograph, c. 1900. Sofia Tolstaya copying a Repin portrait. During the Resurrection period Sofia was also Tolstoy’s primary copyist and an active photographer; this shows her concurrent creative work.

id: sofia-tolstaya-ge-1886 type: painting subject: Sofia Andreevna Tolstaya relatedEntity: Sofia Tolstaya holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Ge_Sophia_Tolstaya.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ge_Sophia_Tolstaya.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-painting-sofia-tolstaya-ge-1886.jpg note: Portrait by Nikolai Ge, 1886. Sofia Tolstaya in the years before Resurrection was begun. Establishes the key domestic figure of the writing period.

Doukhobors — the emigration that Resurrection funded

id: doukhobor-women-plough-1899 type: photograph subject: Doukhobor women pulling a plough, Thunder Hill Colony, Manitoba relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Doukhobor_women_pulling_a_plough_-Thunder_Hill_Colony-Manitoba.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Doukhobor_women_pulling_a_plough-_Thunder_Hill_Colony-Manitoba.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-women-plough-1899.jpg note: Thunder Hill Colony, Manitoba, c. 1899. Women breaking prairie sod. Tolstoy donated all royalties from Resurrection to fund the Doukhobor emigration to Canada; these are the people the novel financed.

id: doukhobor-women-winnowing-1899 type: photograph subject: Doukhobor women winnowing grain, Saskatchewan relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Doukhobor_women_winnowing_grain.jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Doukhobor_women_winnowing_grain.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-women-winnowing-1899.jpg note: Saskatchewan, 1899. Women winnowing grain in the settlement year. The Doukhobors arrived in Canada 1899 — the same year Resurrection began serialisation in Niva.

id: doukhobor-pilgrims-yorkton type: photograph subject: Doukhobor pilgrims entering Yorkton relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons / Library and Archives Canada archiveId: File:The_Doukhobor_pilgrims_entering_Yorkton_(HS85-10-13519).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Doukhobor_pilgrims_entering_Yorkton_(HS85-10-13519).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-pilgrims-yorkton.jpg note: Thomas Veitch Simpson photographer. Doukhobor pilgrims entering Yorkton. Photo A of the Simpson series. 1902 pilgrimage march. Shows the continuing story of the community Resurrection funded.

id: doukhobor-pilgrims-prayer type: photograph subject: Doukhobor pilgrims at prayer relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons / Library and Archives Canada archiveId: File:The_Doukhobor_pilgrims_at_prayer_(HS85-10-13521).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Doukhobor_pilgrims_at_prayer_(HS85-10-13521).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-pilgrims-prayer.jpg note: Thomas Veitch Simpson. Doukhobor pilgrims at prayer. Photo C. The pacifist religious practice that led to their persecution in Russia — the same persecution Tolstoy wrote against in Bethink Yourselves and helped alleviate through Resurrection royalties.

id: doukhobor-camp-yorkton-1899 type: photograph subject: Doukhobor camp before arriving at Yorkton, SK, 1899 relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons archiveId: File:Camp_before_arriving_at_Yorkton,_SK_1899.jpg access: open rights: CC0 licence: CC0 usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Camp_before_arriving_at_Yorkton%2C_SK_1899.jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-camp-yorkton-1899.jpg note: 1899 — the arrival year. Camp of Doukhobors before reaching Yorkton, Saskatchewan. Direct visual record of the emigration that Resurrection funded.

id: doukhobor-pilgrims-leaving-yorkton type: photograph subject: Doukhobor pilgrims leaving Yorkton relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons / Library and Archives Canada archiveId: File:Doukhobor_pilgrims_leaving_Yorkton_to_evangelize_the_world_(HS85-10-13523).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Doukhobor_pilgrims_leaving_Yorkton_to_evangelize_the_world_(HS85-10-13523).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-pilgrims-leaving-yorkton.jpg note: Thomas Veitch Simpson. Doukhobors leaving Yorkton to evangelise. Photo E series.

id: doukhobor-refuse-return type: photograph subject: Doukhobors refuse to return to their villages relatedEntity: Doukhobors holding: Wikimedia Commons / Library and Archives Canada archiveId: File:Doukhobors_refuse_to_return_to_their_villages_(HS85-10-13522).jpg access: open rights: Public domain licence: Public domain usable: yes url: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Doukhobors_refuse_to_return_to_their_villages_(HS85-10-13522).jpg localPath: visuals/commons-photo-doukhobor-refuse-return.jpg note: Thomas Veitch Simpson. Photo D series. The Doukhobor spirit of non-compliance with state authority — the same spirit Tolstoy celebrated and that Nekhlyudov’s Siberian journey in Resurrection approaches.

Notes on absent subjects